A more thorough explanation:

Definition: A fact or circumstance that makes a criminal act less severe or less deserving of punishment. Mitigating factors can include:

• The criminal's ability to change their behavior and become a better person
• Mental disabilities or illnesses that affected the criminal's actions
• Addiction to drugs or alcohol that contributed to the criminal behavior
• Past good deeds or positive contributions to society

The specific mitigating factors that are recognized can vary depending on the laws and practices of different jurisdictions.

Example: If someone is convicted of stealing, a mitigating factor could be that they were stealing food because they were hungry and couldn't afford to buy it. This would make the crime less severe because the person was acting out of necessity rather than greed or malice.

Explanation: In this example, the fact that the person was stealing out of necessity is a mitigating factor because it lessens the severity of the crime. The person's actions were not motivated by a desire to harm others or gain personal benefit, but rather by a basic need for survival. This would be taken into account when determining an appropriate punishment for the crime.