A more thorough explanation:

Privity is a legal relationship between two or more parties that establishes a mutual interest in a substantive matter. This relationship can be established through various means, such as a contract, property ownership, or a prior legal judgment.

In civil procedure, a prior judgment can bind nonparties in privity if their interests were adequately presented in the original action. For example, if a lawsuit was brought against a company and the company's insurer defended the case, the insurer would be in privity with the company and bound by the judgment. However, if the insurer had a separate policy with the company that did not cover the claim, they would not be in privity and could bring their own lawsuit.

In property law, privity can be established through consensual legal relationships, such as a landlord-tenant relationship or a grantor-grantee relationship. For example, if a landlord leases a property to a tenant, they are in privity because they both have a mutual interest in the property. If the tenant subleases the property to someone else, the sublessee would not be in privity with the landlord because they do not have a direct legal relationship.

Privity of contract refers to the legal relationship between parties to a contract. If two or more parties are in privity, they are bound by the terms of the contract and have obligations to each other. For example, if a company hires a contractor to build a new office, they are in privity and the contractor is obligated to complete the work according to the contract. If the contractor fails to do so, the company can seek remedies for breach of contract.