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Simple English definitions for legal terms
genetic fingerprinting
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A quick definition of genetic fingerprinting:
Genetic fingerprinting is a way to identify a person based on their unique genetic makeup. This is done by comparing the pattern of their DNA, which is a chemical structure that contains genetic information, with the DNA found in a biological sample like blood or hair. This method is used in criminal cases to link a suspect to a crime, identify a victim's remains, or prove the innocence of an accused person. It is also called DNA fingerprinting, genetic fingerprinting, DNA profiling, or DNA typing.
A more thorough explanation:
Genetic fingerprinting, also known as DNA identification, is a scientific method used to identify a person based on their unique genetic makeup. This is done by comparing the patterned chemical structure of genetic information, known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), found in a biological specimen such as blood, tissue, or hair, to the DNA of the person in question.
One example of the use of genetic fingerprinting is in criminal cases. DNA evidence can be used to identify a victim's remains, link a suspect to a crime, or even exonerate an innocent suspect. This method has been used in high-profile cases such as the O.J. Simpson trial and the Golden State Killer case.
Overall, genetic fingerprinting is a powerful tool in identifying individuals and has revolutionized the field of forensic science.