A more thorough explanation:

Essential job functions are the most important tasks that must be completed in order to hold a particular job. These tasks are considered fundamental and cannot be eliminated or delegated to someone else. For example, an essential job function for a truck driver is the ability to drive trucks.

Employers use essential job functions to determine whether an employee is able to perform the necessary duties of a job. If an employee can perform the essential job functions, with or without reasonable accommodations, they are protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act. However, if an employee cannot perform the essential job duties even with reasonable accommodations, the employer may be able to terminate their employment.

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) reviews disability discrimination claims from employees and examines the employer’s job description to determine what the essential job functions are. The EEOC considers various factors, such as the experiences of current and past employees, the amount of time spent performing the function, and the consequences of not requiring the employee to perform that job function.

• An essential job function for a chef is the ability to cook and prepare food.
• An essential job function for a teacher is the ability to plan and deliver lessons.
• An essential job function for a construction worker is the ability to lift heavy objects.

These examples illustrate how essential job functions are specific to each job and cannot be easily transferred to another person. They are the core responsibilities that must be fulfilled in order to perform the job successfully.